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		<h1>Linux 命令- du</h1>
	
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		<span class="article__date">2017-10-12</span><br />
		
		
			<span class="article__tags">
			  	<a class="article__tag-link" href="/tags/Linux命令/">Linux命令</a>
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		<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Linux du 命令也是查看是有那个空间的，但是与 df 命令不同的是对文件和目录磁盘使用的空间的查看，还是和 df 命令有一写区别的。</p>
<h2 id="1-命令格式"><a href="#1-命令格式" class="headerlink" title="1.命令格式"></a>1.命令格式</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du [选项] [文件]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-命令功能"><a href="#2-命令功能" class="headerlink" title="2.命令功能"></a>2.命令功能</h2><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间。</p>
<h2 id="3-命令参数"><a href="#3-命令参数" class="headerlink" title="3.命令参数"></a>3.命令参数</h2><ul>
<li>-a或-all  显示目录中个别文件的大小。   </li>
<li>-b或-bytes  显示目录或文件大小时，以byte为单位。</li>
<li>-c或–total  除了显示个别目录或文件的大小外，同时也显示所有目录或文件的总和。 </li>
<li>-k或–kilobytes  以KB(1024bytes)为单位输出。</li>
<li>-m或–megabytes  以MB为单位输出。 </li>
<li>-s或–summarize  仅显示总计，只列出最后加总的值。</li>
<li>-h或–human-readable  以K，M，G为单位，提高信息的可读性。</li>
<li>-x或–one-file-xystem  以一开始处理时的文件系统为准，若遇上其它不同的文件系统目录则略过。 </li>
<li>-L&lt;符号链接&gt;或–dereference&lt;符号链接&gt; 显示选项中所指定符号链接的源文件大小。  </li>
<li>-S或–separate-dirs   显示个别目录的大小时，并不含其子目录的大小。 </li>
<li>-X&lt;文件&gt;或–exclude-from=&lt;文件&gt;  在&lt;文件&gt;指定目录或文件。</li>
<li>–exclude=&lt;目录或文件&gt;         略过指定的目录或文件。  </li>
<li>-D或–dereference-args   显示指定符号链接的源文件大小。 </li>
<li>-H或–si  与-h参数相同，但是K，M，G是以1000为换算单位。 </li>
<li>-l或–count-links   重复计算硬件链接的文件。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="4-使用实例"><a href="#4-使用实例" class="headerlink" title="4.使用实例"></a>4.使用实例</h2><h3 id="实例1：显示目录或者文件所占空间"><a href="#实例1：显示目录或者文件所占空间" class="headerlink" title="实例1：显示目录或者文件所占空间"></a>实例1：显示目录或者文件所占空间</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du</span></div><div class="line">608     ./test6</div><div class="line">308     ./test4</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/lib</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/service/deploy/product</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/service/deploy/info</div><div class="line">12      ./scf/service/deploy</div><div class="line">16      ./scf/service</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/doc</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/bin</div><div class="line">32      ./scf</div><div class="line">8       ./test3</div><div class="line">1288    .</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>说明</strong></p>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;只显示当前目录下面的子目录的目录大小和当前目录的总的大小，最下面的 1288 为当前目录的总大小。</p>
<h2 id="实例2：显示指定文件所占空间"><a href="#实例2：显示指定文件所占空间" class="headerlink" title="实例2：显示指定文件所占空间"></a>实例2：显示指定文件所占空间</h2><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du log2012.log</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du log2012.log </span></div><div class="line">300     log2012.log</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例3：查看指定目录的所占空间"><a href="#实例3：查看指定目录的所占空间" class="headerlink" title="实例3：查看指定目录的所占空间"></a>实例3：查看指定目录的所占空间</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du scf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du scf</span></div><div class="line">4       scf/lib</div><div class="line">4       scf/service/deploy/product</div><div class="line">4       scf/service/deploy/info</div><div class="line">12      scf/service/deploy</div><div class="line">16      scf/service</div><div class="line">4       scf/doc</div><div class="line">4       scf/bin</div><div class="line">32      scf</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例4：显示多个文件所占空间"><a href="#实例4：显示多个文件所占空间" class="headerlink" title="实例4：显示多个文件所占空间"></a>实例4：显示多个文件所占空间</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du log30.tar.gz log31.tar.gz</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du log30.tar.gz log31.tar.gz </span></div><div class="line">4       log30.tar.gz</div><div class="line">4       log31.tar.gz</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例5：只显示总和的大小"><a href="#实例5：只显示总和的大小" class="headerlink" title="实例5：只显示总和的大小"></a>实例5：只显示总和的大小</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du -s</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du -s</span></div><div class="line">1288    .</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du -s scf</span></div><div class="line">32      scf</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># cd ..</span></div><div class="line">[root@localhost soft]<span class="comment"># du -s test</span></div><div class="line">1288    <span class="built_in">test</span></div><div class="line">[root@localhost soft]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例6：方便阅读的格式显示"><a href="#实例6：方便阅读的格式显示" class="headerlink" title="实例6：方便阅读的格式显示"></a>实例6：方便阅读的格式显示</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du -h <span class="built_in">test</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost soft]<span class="comment"># du -h test</span></div><div class="line">608K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6</div><div class="line">308K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test4</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/lib</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service/deploy/product</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service/deploy/info</div><div class="line">12K     <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service/deploy</div><div class="line">16K     <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/doc</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/bin</div><div class="line">32K     <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf</div><div class="line">8.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test3</div><div class="line">1.3M    <span class="built_in">test</span></div><div class="line">[root@localhost soft]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例7：文件和目录都显示"><a href="#实例7：文件和目录都显示" class="headerlink" title="实例7：文件和目录都显示"></a>实例7：文件和目录都显示</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du -ah <span class="built_in">test</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost soft]<span class="comment"># du -ah test</span></div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/log31.tar.gz</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test13.tar.gz</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/linklog.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/log2014.log</div><div class="line">300K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/linklog.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/log2015.log</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/log2013.log</div><div class="line">300K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/log2012.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/log2017.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6/log2016.log</div><div class="line">608K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test6</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/log2015.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/test4/log2014.log</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test4/log2013.log</div><div class="line">300K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test4/log2012.log</div><div class="line">308K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test4</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/lib</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service/deploy/product</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service/deploy/info</div><div class="line">12K     <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service/deploy</div><div class="line">16K     <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/service</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/doc</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf/bin</div><div class="line">32K     <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/log2013.log</div><div class="line">300K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/log2012.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/log2017.log</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/log2016.log</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/log30.tar.gz</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/log.tar.bz2</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/log.tar.gz</div><div class="line">0       <span class="built_in">test</span>/test3/log2014.log</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test3/log2013.log</div><div class="line">8.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/test3</div><div class="line">4.0K    <span class="built_in">test</span>/scf.tar.gz</div><div class="line">1.3M    <span class="built_in">test</span></div><div class="line">[root@localhost soft]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例8：显示几个文件或目录各自占用磁盘空间的大小，还统计它们的综合"><a href="#实例8：显示几个文件或目录各自占用磁盘空间的大小，还统计它们的综合" class="headerlink" title="实例8：显示几个文件或目录各自占用磁盘空间的大小，还统计它们的综合"></a>实例8：显示几个文件或目录各自占用磁盘空间的大小，还统计它们的综合</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du -c log30.tar.gz log31.tar.gz</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost test]# du -c log30.tar.gz log31.tar.gz </div><div class="line">4       log30.tar.gz</div><div class="line">4       log31.tar.gz</div><div class="line">8       总计</div><div class="line">[root@localhost test]#</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>说明</strong></p>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;加上 -c 选项后，du 不仅先死两个目录各自占用磁盘空间的大小，还在最后一行统计它们的总和。</p>
<h3 id="实例9：按照空间大小排序"><a href="#实例9：按照空间大小排序" class="headerlink" title="实例9：按照空间大小排序"></a>实例9：按照空间大小排序</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du|sort -nr|more</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du|sort -nr|more</span></div><div class="line">1288    .</div><div class="line">608     ./test6</div><div class="line">308     ./test4</div><div class="line">32      ./scf</div><div class="line">16      ./scf/service</div><div class="line">12      ./scf/service/deploy</div><div class="line">8       ./test3</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/service/deploy/product</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/service/deploy/info</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/lib</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/doc</div><div class="line">4       ./scf/bin</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="实例10：输出当前目录下各个子目录所使用的空间"><a href="#实例10：输出当前目录下各个子目录所使用的空间" class="headerlink" title="实例10：输出当前目录下各个子目录所使用的空间"></a>实例10：输出当前目录下各个子目录所使用的空间</h3><p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>命令</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du -h --max-depth=1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<strong>输出</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment"># du -h  --max-depth=1</span></div><div class="line">608K    ./test6</div><div class="line">308K    ./test4</div><div class="line">32K     ./scf</div><div class="line">8.0K    ./test3</div><div class="line">1.3M    .</div><div class="line">[root@localhost <span class="built_in">test</span>]<span class="comment">#</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
	

	
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